12 Best Habit Tracking Apps for a Productive 2025

Building positive habits is the cornerstone of personal growth and professional success, but consistency is where most people struggle. If you've tried and failed to stick to new routines, you're not alone. The problem often isn't a lack of willpower, but a lack of the right system to support your goals. This is precisely where technology can make a significant difference.

The right habit tracking app provides the structure, visual feedback, and timely reminders needed to turn abstract goals into concrete daily actions. It acts as an accountability partner that helps you build momentum one day at a time. Finding the perfect tool, however, can be overwhelming with so many options available.

This guide simplifies that search. We've analyzed the 12 best habit tracking apps to help you find the one that fits your specific needs. Whether you're a freelancer looking to structure your workday, a project manager aiming for peak productivity, or simply someone wanting to build better personal routines, the right app is in this list.

We’ll explore each app's unique features, pricing, and ideal use cases. You'll find screenshots, direct links, and practical insights to help you make an informed decision quickly. We will also show you how many of these tools can be integrated directly into your Notion dashboard using Widgetly, creating a seamless productivity command center. Let's find the app that will finally make your habits stick.

1. Habit Tracker Widget | Widgetly

Best for: Notion users seeking a seamlessly integrated, no-code habit tracking solution.

The Habit Tracker Widget by Widgetly earns its top spot by fundamentally rethinking where habit tracking should live. Instead of forcing you into a separate application, it brings a powerful and visually intuitive system directly into your Notion workspace. This native integration is its defining strength, allowing you to monitor and manage your goals alongside your projects, notes, and plans without ever breaking your workflow. It stands out as one of the best habit tracking apps specifically for those embedded in the Notion ecosystem.

Why It Excels

What truly sets this widget apart is its thoughtful design focused on user motivation and simplicity. The setup is remarkably fast; you simply copy a link and embed it into your Notion page. There is no code or complex configuration required. Once installed, its visual progress tracking provides immediate, satisfying feedback that encourages consistency.

A standout feature is the adaptive routines capability. This allows the widget to adjust your habit schedule to fit your actual lifestyle, rather than forcing you into a rigid, one-size-fits-all plan. If your week changes, your habit tracker can change with you, preventing the all-or-nothing mindset that derails many. Furthermore, its curated library of habit ideas is a fantastic resource for inspiration, helping you discover new, impactful routines to add to your life. The user interface is clean, polished, and feels like a natural extension of Notion itself.

Analysis & Key Information

Feature	Details
Pricing	Offers both free and paid plans. The paid tier unlocks advanced features and customization.
Integration	Native to Notion. Embeds directly into any Notion page.
Key Advantage	Eliminates context switching by keeping your habit data inside your primary productivity hub.
Setup	Extremely simple copy-and-paste process with no coding needed.

Pros:

• Seamless Notion Integration: Keeps your workflow centralized and efficient.
• Visual Motivation: Clear progress visualization helps maintain momentum.
• Adaptive Scheduling: Routines can adjust to your changing lifestyle.
• No-Code Setup: Incredibly easy and quick to install and start using.

Cons:

• Platform Dependent: Exclusively for users of the Notion platform.
• Limited Customization: May offer fewer deep customization options than some standalone apps.

You can explore all the features and get started by visiting the Habit Tracker Widget | Widgetly website.

2. Apple App Store

For users embedded in the Apple ecosystem, the Apple App Store is the essential starting point and primary marketplace for discovering the best habit tracking apps. It's not just a digital storefront; it’s a curated, secure environment designed for iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, and Mac users. The platform simplifies the search process by offering detailed app pages with user ratings, editor’s picks (like "App of the Day"), and comprehensive version histories.

What makes it stand out is its emphasis on transparency and user security. Every app page includes an "App Privacy" label, which details exactly what data the app collects, helping you make an informed decision before downloading. The standardized in-app purchase and subscription management system also provides a seamless, reliable user experience.

Platform Highlights

• Pricing and Availability: Displays clear US pricing for monthly, annual, and lifetime options. Many apps also support Family Sharing, allowing you to share a single purchase with your family.
• Cross-Device Sync: Apps downloaded here often sync effortlessly across all your Apple devices, so you can track a habit on your iPhone and review progress on your Mac.
• User Experience: The interface is clean and easy to navigate. The entire process from discovery to download and payment is incredibly smooth and integrated.

Practical Tip: Use the search filters and browse curated collections like "Apps We Love" to find high-quality, lesser-known habit trackers that might perfectly suit your specific needs.

Pros:

• Reliable and secure platform
• Clear pricing and privacy information
• Seamless experience across Apple devices

Cons:

• Exclusively for iOS and macOS users
• In-app purchase options can sometimes be complex

Website: https://apps.apple.com

3. Google Play Store

For the vast majority of Android users, the Google Play Store is the definitive hub for discovering the best habit tracking apps. As the official marketplace for the Android ecosystem, it offers an enormous and diverse catalog of applications designed for phones, tablets, smartwatches, and even Chromebooks. The platform helps users navigate its extensive library with user reviews, install counts, and editor-curated collections.

What makes the Google Play Store stand out is its open nature, which fosters a wide variety of apps, including many free and open-source options not found elsewhere. User-centric features like install counts and detailed reviews provide social proof, helping you gauge an app's credibility and popularity before downloading. Google’s straightforward refund policies and automatic updates also create a secure and convenient user experience.

Platform Highlights

• Pricing and Availability: Presents a mix of free, ad-supported, subscription-based, and one-time purchase apps. Pricing is clearly displayed, though it can vary by region.
• Cross-Device Sync: Apps often use a Google account for sign-in, enabling seamless data synchronization across all your Android devices.
• User Experience: The interface is familiar and easy to browse. App pages are packed with information, including user reviews, developer responses, and recent changelogs.

Practical Tip: Pay close attention to the "What's New" section on an app's page to see how actively the developer maintains it. Frequent updates are a good sign of a high-quality, supported app.

Pros:

• Extensive device support across the Android ecosystem
• Good mix of free, paid, and open-source habit tracking apps
• Often offers one-time premium unlocks instead of just subscriptions

Cons:

• App quality can be inconsistent, requiring careful vetting
• Prices and features can vary by device and region

Website: https://play.google.com

4. Habitify

For those seeking a powerful, data-driven approach to habit formation, Habitify stands out as one of the best habit tracking apps for its cross-platform support and deep analytics. Available on iOS, Android, macOS, Apple Watch, and the web, it offers a cohesive experience no matter which device you use. The platform is designed for users who want to not just track habits, but understand the patterns behind them through detailed charts and progress reports.

What makes Habitify unique is its focus on integrations and automation. It connects with Apple Health and Google Calendar, and even supports automation tools like Zapier and IFTTT. This allows for partial auto-tracking, where completing a workout logged in Apple Health can automatically check off your "exercise" habit. Its clean interface and motivational features, like challenges and leaderboards, add another layer of engagement.

Platform Highlights

• Pricing and Availability: Habitify operates on a freemium model. The free version has limitations, while the Premium plan unlocks unlimited habits, advanced stats, and integrations with monthly, annual, and lifetime purchase options.
• Cross-Device Sync: Its seamless synchronization across all major platforms ensures your habit data is always up-to-date, whether you check in on your phone, watch, or desktop.
• User Experience: The interface is modern, clean, and intuitive. Grouping habits by time of day (Morning, Afternoon, Evening) helps organize your daily routine effectively.

Practical Tip: Leverage the integrations with Zapier or IFTTT to create custom automations. For instance, you could set up a rule to automatically mark your "read for 30 minutes" habit as complete whenever you finish an ebook on your Kindle app.

Pros:

• Good analytics and multi-platform coverage
• Partial auto-tracking via integrations
• Clean and modern user interface

Cons:

• Key features locked behind paid tiers
• Pricing can be inconsistent across different platforms

Website: https://www.habitify.me/

5. Habitica

For those who find traditional checklists uninspiring, Habitica transforms habit tracking into a role-playing game (RPG). It's one of the best habit tracking apps for users motivated by gamification, turning your daily tasks and long-term goals into a quest. You create an avatar that levels up, gains gear, and earns rewards as you complete your real-life to-dos, dailies, and habits.

What makes it stand out is its deep integration of RPG mechanics and community features. You can join parties with friends to tackle quests together, where failing your own habits can damage your entire team. This adds a powerful layer of social accountability, making the process of building routines feel collaborative and engaging rather than isolating.

Platform Highlights

• Pricing and Availability: The core functionality is completely free. An optional subscription ($5/month or $48/year) offers exclusive in-game items and rewards but isn't required for progress. It is available on web, iOS, and Android.
• Cross-Device Sync: Your character, tasks, and progress sync seamlessly across all platforms, allowing you to check off a habit on your phone and see the rewards on the web version.
• User Experience: The interface is colorful and playful, designed to feel like a game. While it can seem complex initially, its unique approach to motivation is highly effective for its target audience.

Practical Tip: Join a Guild or create a Party with friends as soon as you start. The social accountability from quests and challenges provides a significant boost in motivation to stick with your habits.

Pros:

• Highly motivating for users who enjoy gamification
• Strong community and social accountability features
• Core features are free and fully functional

Cons:

• May be too complex for users seeking a simple tracker
• The game-like interface might not appeal to everyone

Website: https://habitica.com/

6. Streaks

Streaks is a visually driven, to-do list style habit tracker that has earned an Apple Design Award for its simplicity and effectiveness. Designed exclusively for the Apple ecosystem, its core philosophy is to help you maintain a continuous chain of successful days for each habit. The app’s design is minimalist and highly customizable, turning the often-daunting task of habit formation into an engaging and satisfying game.

What makes it one of the best habit tracking apps is its seamless integration with Apple Health. Streaks can automatically track habits like walking, running, or mindfulness minutes by pulling data directly from the Health app, requiring no manual input. This automation, combined with robust Siri Shortcuts support, makes it incredibly powerful for users invested in Apple’s ecosystem.

Platform Highlights

• Pricing and Availability: Streaks is available for a one-time purchase on the App Store, with no recurring subscriptions. It’s a single purchase that covers iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, and Mac.
• Cross-Device Sync: iCloud sync ensures your habit data is always up-to-date across all your Apple devices, from your watch face to your desktop.
• User Experience: The interface is clean, fast, and gesture-based. Customization is a key feature, with numerous themes, icons, and layout options to personalize your dashboard.

Practical Tip: Link Streaks to Apple Health for any fitness or wellness goals. This auto-tracking feature is a game-changer for consistency, as it marks habits complete without you ever needing to open the app.

Pros:

• One-time purchase with no subscription
• Clean and fast user experience
• Excellent integration within the Apple ecosystem

Cons:

• Available only on Apple platforms
• Limited to users invested in Apple devices

Website: https://streaks.app/

7. Strides

Strides is a highly flexible goal and habit tracking app designed for users who need more than just a simple streak counter. It excels at accommodating various tracking styles, from building daily habits like drinking water to hitting long-term targets like saving a certain amount of money. The platform’s core strength lies in its versatility, offering four distinct tracker types: Target, Habit, Average, and Milestones.

What makes Strides stand out is its data-driven approach, presented through clean, easy-to-understand charts and progress reports. It helps you visualize your consistency with on-track pacing lines, giving you immediate feedback on whether you’re ahead or behind your goals. With over 150 built-in templates, getting started is quick and intuitive, removing the friction of setting up complex tracking systems from scratch.

Platform Highlights

• Pricing and Availability: Strides offers a robust free tier that allows you to track up to three habits or goals. For unlimited tracking and features like data export and backups, the Strides Plus subscription is required.
• Cross-Device Sync: The app syncs seamlessly across iPhone, iPad, and Apple Watch using iCloud, ensuring your progress is always up-to-date no matter which device you use.
• User Experience: Its interface is clean and focused on progress visualization. Setting up goals is straightforward, and the reporting dashboards provide clear, actionable insights into your performance over time.

Practical Tip: Use the "Milestones" tracker for multi-step projects. This allows you to break down a large goal into smaller, manageable steps, making the entire process feel less daunting and easier to track.

Pros:

• Robust free tier for up to 3 goals
• Clear charts and reports enhance accountability
• Collaboration features for shared goals

Cons:

• Only available on Apple platforms
• Premium subscription needed for unlimited tracking

Website: https://www.stridesapp.com/faq.html

8. Productive – Habit Tracker

Productive is a highly polished and intuitive platform that stands out as one of the best habit tracking apps for users within the Apple ecosystem. Its design-forward approach focuses on building powerful routines and maintaining streaks through a visually engaging interface. The app simplifies habit management by allowing you to organize tasks by time of day, set smart reminders, and participate in guided challenges to stay motivated.

What makes Productive unique is its deep integration with Apple devices, offering a seamless experience across iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, and even visionOS. This multi-device support, combined with its strong analytical features, helps you understand your progress and identify patterns over time. The app’s coaching programs and customizable themes add a layer of engagement that keeps you coming back.

Platform Highlights

• Pricing and Availability: Productive operates on a freemium model with a subscription for premium features. It is available exclusively on the Apple App Store.
• Cross-Device Sync: Habits and progress sync effortlessly across all your Apple devices, making it easy to check in from anywhere. The Apple Watch app is particularly effective for quick updates.
• User Experience: The UI is exceptionally clean, colorful, and easy to navigate. Onboarding is quick, allowing you to start building routines in just a few minutes.

Practical Tip: Use Productive's "Challenges" feature to kickstart a new habit. These guided programs provide structure and motivation, making it easier to build momentum when you're just starting out. For more ideas on managing consistent tasks, see how you can set up recurring tasks.

Pros:

• Attractive and polished user interface
• Strong Apple Watch support for quick check-ins
• Easy onboarding process gets you started quickly

Cons:

• Only available on Apple platforms
• Subscription pricing can be relatively high

Website: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/productive-habit-tracker/id983826477

9. Loop Habit Tracker

For Android users seeking a no-frills, privacy-first solution, Loop Habit Tracker is one of the best habit tracking apps available. It is completely free, open-source, and operates entirely offline, meaning your data stays on your device. The app is built on simplicity and effectiveness, helping you build and maintain good habits with a clean, ad-free interface and insightful analytics.

What makes it stand out is its unique "habit strength" algorithm, which calculates how ingrained your habits are becoming. Instead of just tracking streaks, it provides a more nuanced view of your progress. Detailed graphs and statistics for each habit allow you to see your long-term improvements, calendars of your history, and frequency distributions.

Platform Highlights

• Pricing and Availability: Completely free with no ads, subscriptions, or in-app purchases. It is available on Android via the Google Play Store and F-Droid for users who prefer open-source repositories.
• Data and Privacy: No account is needed and it works entirely offline. Because there is no automatic cloud sync, you retain full control over your data, though you must remember to perform manual backups.
• User Experience: The interface is minimalistic, fast, and highly intuitive. Its lightweight design ensures it runs smoothly on almost any Android device without draining your battery.

Practical Tip: Regularly use the export feature to create a backup of your data. Save it to a cloud service like Google Drive or Dropbox to ensure you can restore your progress if you switch devices.

Pros:

• Completely free with no ads or subscriptions
• Privacy-respecting and open-source
• Lightweight app with excellent performance

Cons:

• Android only; no iOS or desktop versions
• No automatic cloud sync, manual backup required

Website: https://loophabits.org/

10. TickTick

For those who want to integrate habit formation directly into their daily workflow, TickTick offers a powerful solution. More than just a habit tracker, it’s a comprehensive productivity suite that combines task management, a calendar, and a Pomodoro timer, making it one of the best habit tracking apps for users seeking an all-in-one tool. Its strength lies in treating habits as just another part of your day, alongside your to-dos and appointments.

What makes TickTick stand out is its seamless unification of tasks and habits. You can view your habits in a dedicated tab or see them scheduled in your calendar view, providing a holistic look at your commitments. This approach helps ensure your habit-building goals don't get lost in a separate app and remain a core part of your productivity planning.

Platform Highlights

• Pricing and Availability: TickTick offers a generous free plan. The Premium subscription, which unlocks more advanced features like calendar views and additional integrations, is competitively priced at around $35.99 per year.
• Cross-Device Sync: It provides excellent cross-platform support, with dedicated apps for iOS, Android, macOS, Windows, and a fully-featured web version. Your data syncs instantly across all devices.
• User Experience: The interface is clean and functional, effectively blending multiple productivity tools without feeling cluttered. Voice input and smart lists make it easy to add and organize items quickly.

Practical Tip: Use TickTick’s built-in Pomodoro timer to create focused work sessions and link them directly to specific habits or tasks. For example, set a 25-minute timer for "Reading" to make the habit more structured.

Pros:

• Combines task and habit management in one app
• Broad platform coverage for seamless syncing
• Competitive pricing for premium features

Cons:

• Habit tracking is a smaller part of a broader task app
• Customer support options are weaker compared to some rivals

Website: https://www.ticktick.com/

11. HabitShare

For those who thrive on external accountability, HabitShare is one of the best habit tracking apps designed specifically around a social support system. It moves beyond solo tracking by allowing you to share your progress with friends, who can then offer encouragement through comments and messages. This approach turns habit formation into a collaborative and supportive experience.

What makes HabitShare unique is its focus on privacy within a social context. You have fine-grained control over which habits you share with which friends, ensuring that your personal goals remain private unless you choose otherwise. The platform is entirely free, making it an accessible option for anyone looking to leverage accountability without a financial commitment.

Platform Highlights

• Pricing and Availability: The app is completely free to use on both iOS and Android, with no hidden costs, subscriptions, or advertisements.
• Cross-Device Sync: HabitShare supports multi-device sync, allowing you to track habits seamlessly across different phones and tablets.
• User Experience: The interface is simple and centered around social interaction. Adding friends and sharing habits is straightforward, and the built-in messaging with GIF support adds a fun, engaging element.

Practical Tip: Create a small, dedicated group with a few trusted friends for a specific goal, like a "30-Day Fitness Challenge." The shared journey and mutual encouragement can significantly boost motivation and consistency.

Pros:

• Strong emphasis on social accountability
• 100% free app with no subscriptions or ads
• Fine-grained sharing controls for each habit

Cons:

• Lacks advanced analytics and automations
• Focused mainly on social features rather than detailed personal tracking

Website: https://habitshareapp.com/

12. Coach.me

For those who find that technology alone isn't enough, Coach.me offers a unique blend of a free habit tracker with access to paid human coaching. It’s one of the best habit tracking apps for users who need an extra layer of accountability. The platform is built on the idea that support from a community or a dedicated coach can be the key to sticking with new routines and achieving significant goals.

What makes Coach.me stand out is its integrated marketplace for one-on-one coaching. You can start by using the free tracking tools and engaging with the community Q&A forums. If you hit a roadblock, you can easily hire a coach specializing in anything from fitness and productivity to leadership, directly within the same app. This creates a clear, scalable path from self-tracking to guided support.

Platform Highlights

• Pricing and Availability: The core habit tracking and community features are free. Personal coaching is available through US-priced weekly or monthly plans, typically starting around $25 per week, depending on the coach.
• Cross-Device Sync: The platform is accessible via its website as well as dedicated iOS and Android apps, ensuring you can track progress and communicate with your coach from any device.
• User Experience: The interface connects tracking with communication seamlessly. You can check in on your habits and then immediately ask your coach a question or get feedback in a private chat.

Practical Tip: Start with the free community features to get a feel for the platform. You can ask questions about your habits and get answers from multiple coaches before committing to a paid plan.

Pros:

• Clear pathway to human accountability when needed
• Wide variety of coaching specialties and pricing options
• Free community features encourage engagement

Cons:

• App reports occasional glitches from longstanding users
• Coaching costs can be expensive ($25+/week average)

Website: https://app.coach.me/

Top 12 Habit Tracker Apps Comparison

Product	Core Features & Integration	User Experience & Quality ★★★★☆	Value & Pricing 💰	Target Audience 👥	Unique Selling Points ✨
**🏆 Habit Tracker Widget	Widgetly**	No-code Notion embed, Habit library, Adaptive routines	Clean UI, Visual progress, Intuitive	Notion users, freelancers, pros	Seamless Notion integration, Custom routines 🏆
Apple App Store	Secure purchases, Subscription management	Smooth cross-device iOS/macOS experience	Varies by app, clear US pricing	Apple device users	Extensive app variety, privacy labels
Google Play Store	Large app selection, auto-updates	Mixed quality, frequent discounts	Free & paid options, regional variability	Android users	Open-source options, broad device support
Habitify	Cross-platform sync, Advanced reminders	Modern UI, Good analytics	Freemium, key features behind paywall	Multi-platform users	Integrations (Apple Health, Zapier), leaderboards
Habitica	Gamified RPG mechanics, Social features	Engaging for gamers, community-driven	Free core, optional paid upgrades	Gamification fans, social users	RPG rewards, quests, open-source
Streaks	Apple Health integration, Widgets	Fast, customizable, smooth Apple sync	One-time purchase	Apple users	Apple ecosystem integration, no subscription
Strides	150+ templates, iCloud sync	Clear charts, Collaboration features	Free tier, subscription for unlimited	Apple users, goal-oriented	Versatile tracking, strong reporting
Productive – Habit Tracker	Routine planning, Coaching challenges	Polished UI, Apple Watch support	Subscription-based	Apple device users	In-app coaching, visionOS support
Loop Habit Tracker	Open-source, Offline, Privacy-focused	Lightweight, detailed stats	Free, no ads	Android users	Offline use, no account needed
TickTick	To-do + habit tracker, Pomodoro timer	Broad platform support	Competitive premium pricing	Cross-platform productivity users	Task + habit combo, calendar, Pomodoro
HabitShare	Social sharing, Real-time messaging	Social accountability	Free, no ads	Social/Accountability focused users	Real-time sharing, per-habit privacy controls
Coach.me	Free tracking + paid coaching marketplace	Mixed UX, coaching support	Free & paid coaching starting ~$25/week	Users wanting human coaching support	One-on-one coaching, community Q&A

Choosing Your Perfect Partner in Habit Creation

We've explored a wide array of the best habit tracking apps available today, from gamified RPGs like Habitica to data-rich powerhouses like Habitify and minimalist champions like Streaks. The sheer volume of choice can feel overwhelming, but the journey to finding your ideal tool is the first step toward building lasting, positive change. The perfect app isn't about having the most features; it's about finding the one that seamlessly integrates into your life and directly addresses your unique challenges.

The core takeaway is simple: the best habit tracking app is the one you consistently use. A beautifully designed app with a dozen features is useless if it feels like a chore to open. Your goal is to find a digital partner that makes the process of building habits feel less like work and more like a natural extension of your daily routine.

How to Choose Your Ideal App

Before you download the first app on our list, take a moment for self-reflection. Understanding your own motivations, weaknesses, and workflow preferences is crucial. Ask yourself these critical questions to narrow down the options and make a more informed decision.

• What is my primary motivation style? Are you driven by seeing data and charts (Habitify, Strides)? Do you thrive on competition and game-like rewards (Habitica)? Or do you prefer a simple, no-fuss approach that just gets the job done (Loop Habit Tracker, Streaks)?

• Where do I spend most of my digital life? If you are an Apple ecosystem loyalist who values deep integration with iOS, iPadOS, and watchOS, Streaks is an unparalleled choice. If your entire operational hub is built within Notion, embedding a Widgetly habit tracker is the most logical and frictionless path forward. Don't fight your existing digital habits; find a tool that works within them.

• What has caused me to fail in the past? Be honest with yourself. Was it a lack of social support and accountability? An app like HabitShare or Coach.me could be the solution. Did you lose motivation because the process felt boring? Habitica's gamification might be the spark you need. Did you get overwhelmed by complexity? A minimalist app like Loop Habit Tracker will keep you focused.

• What is my budget? Many of the best habit tracking apps offer robust free versions that are more than enough for most users. However, if you require advanced analytics, unlimited habits, or cross-platform syncing, be prepared for a subscription. Factor this cost into your decision, but also consider it an investment in your personal development.

Your Action Plan: From Reading to Doing

Knowledge without action is just information. It's time to put what you've learned into practice. Don't get stuck in "analysis paralysis" by trying to find the absolute perfect app from the start. Instead, follow these simple steps to begin your journey.

1. Pick Your Top Two Contenders: Based on your answers above, select two apps from our list that seem like the best fit.
2. Commit to a One-Week Trial: Use both apps simultaneously for one full week. Track the same 1-3 simple habits in each.
3. Evaluate the Experience: At the end of the week, reflect on the process. Which app did you enjoy opening more? Which one felt less like a chore? Which interface made you feel more motivated and in control?
4. Commit and Delete: Choose the winner and delete the other. Focusing on a single tool removes friction and solidifies your commitment.

Building new habits is a marathon, not a sprint. The right tool won't do the work for you, but it will clear the path, provide encouragement, and offer the structure needed to turn small, daily actions into powerful, life-changing routines. You have the insight and the options; now, go choose your partner and start building the life you want, one checkmark at a time.